\[ **BT: [[mammals]]** ] --- # Carnivora (Order) ## Carnivoran classification | CARNIVORA | Family | Subfamily | Genus | Species | | -------------------------- | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | | [[#Caniformia (Suborder)]] | Ailuridae | | | | | | | | | | | | [[#Canidae (Family)\|Canidae]] | [[#Caninae (Subfamily)\|Caninae]] | *[[#Canis (Genus)\|Canis]]* | *[[#Canis familiaris (domestic dog)\|Canis familiaris]]* | | | | | | *[[#Canis latrans (coyote)\|Canis latrans]]* | | | | | | *[[#Canis lupis (grey wolf)\|Canis lupus]]* | | | | | *Vulpes* | | | | | | | | | | Mephitidae | | | | | | | | | | | | [[#Mustelidae (Family)]] | Guloninae | *[[#Martes (Genus)\|Martes]]* | *[[#Martes zibellina (sable)\|Martes zibellina]]* | | | | Helictidinae | | | | | | Ictonychinae | | | | | | Lutrinae | | | | | | Melinae | | | | | | Mellivorinae | | | | | | Mustelinae | | | | | | Taxidiinae | | | | | | | | | | | Obobenidae | | | | | | | | | | | | Otariidae | | | | | | | | | | | | Phocidae | | | | | | | | | | | | Procyonidae | | | | | | | | | | | | [[#Ursidae (Family)\|Ursidae]] | Ailuropodinae | | | | | | Tremarctinae | | | | | | [[#Ursinae (Subfamily)\|Ursinae]] | *[[#Ursus (Genus)\|Ursus]]* | *[[#Ursus arctos (brown bear)\|Ursus arctos]]* | | | | | | | | [[#Feliformia (Suborder)]] | Eupleridae | Euplerinae | | | | | | Galidiinae | | | | | | | | | | | [[#Felidae (Family)\|Felidae]] | [[#Felinae (Subfamily)\|Felinae]] | *[[#Felis (Genus)\|Felis]]* | *[[#Felis catus (domestic cat)\|Felis catus]]* | | | | Pantherinae | | | | | | | | | | | Herpestidae | Herpestinae | | | | | | Mungotinae | | | | | | | | | | | Hyaenidae | | | | | | | | | | | | Nandiniidae | | | | | | | | | | | | Prionodonitae | | | | | | | | | | | | Viverridae | Genettinae | | | | | | Hemigalinae | | | | | | Paradoxurinae | | | | | | Viverrinae | | | [^1] --- ## Caniformia (Suborder) ### Canidae (Family) #### Caninae (Subfamily) ##### *Canis* (Genus) ###### *Canis familiaris* (domestic dog) Sometimes known as *Canis lupis familiaris*.[^2] [[All dog breeds are descended from domesticated wolves.]][^3] [[Interbreeding with grey wolves was likely an important part of dog maintenance throughout early dog domestication, and may have continued later, too.]][^4] - **BT:** *[[#Canis lupis* (grey wolf)|Canis lupis]]* ###### *Canis latrans* (coyote) The coyote (*Canis latrans*) is a species of canine native to [[Earth#North America|North America]].[^5] ###### Coyotes in art and pop culture ![[tumblr - coyoteprince, 2024-03-24 - part 1 of 2 (Copyrighted. DO NOT UPLOAD.).jpg]] ![[tumblr - coyoteprince, 2024-03-24 - part 2 of 2 (Copyrighted. DO NOT UPLOAD.).jpg.jpg]][^6] ###### *Canis lupis* (grey wolf) [[Wolves are thought to have been first domesticated in East Asia.]][^7] [[All dog breeds are descended from domesticated wolves.]][^8] [[Interbreeding with grey wolves was likely an important part of dog maintenance throughout early dog domestication, and may have continued later, too.]][^9] [[Genetic contamination via crossbreeding with domestic dogs is a major concern in wolf conservation.]][^10] [[There is evidence of dog-wolf hybridisation in Bulgaria.]][^11] - **NT:** *[[#Canis familiaris* (domestic dog)|Canis familiaris]]* [[European wolf populations have suffered extensive decline due to anthropogenic culling.]][^12] [[Ravens and wolves are highly comfortable with each other.]][^13] --- ### Hyaenidae (Family) – hyenas > With just four extant species (each in its own genus), it is the fifth-smallest family in the order Carnivora and one of the smallest in the class Mammalia. Despite their low diversity, hyenas are unique and vital components of most African ecosystems.[^14] [[Hyena ‘anal gland secretions contain relatively involatile high molecular weight molecules for long lasting marks for territory marking.’|Hyena 'anal gland secretions contain relatively involatile high molecular weight molecules for long lasting marks for territory marking.']][^15] --- ### Mustelidae (Family) #### *Martes* (Genus) ##### *Martes zibellina* (sable) - Sables are arboreal.[^16] - Sables eat small animals, and eggs.[^17] Short video of a sable, showing its partially retractable claws: ![[reddit (aww) - 2022, sable video, uploader unknown.mp4]] [^18] - [[Sables have a long gestation period of about 250-300 days, although embryonic development takes only a month.]][^19] - This is caused by “delayed implantation” of the fertilised egg into the uterine wall.[^20] - Embryonic development takes about 25–30 days.[^21] - Sable litters generally range from one to four.[^22] ### Ursidae (Family) #### Ursinae (Subfamily) ##### *Ursus* (Genus) Members of the *Ursus* genus are collectively known as bears. ###### *Ursus arctos* (brown bear) - see also: [[religion#Artio (Germanic deity)|Artio (Germanic deity)]] --- ## Feliformia (Suborder) ### Felidae (Family) Felidae is the family of [[mammals]] in the order [[mammals#Carnivora (Order)|Carnivora]]. Felids are colloquially referred to as cats. #### Felinae (Subfamily) Small and medium-sized cats. ##### *Felis* (Genus) ###### *Felis catus* (domestic cat) - see also: [[pet care#declawing]] [^1]: ‘List of carnivorans’, Wikipedia, last edited 27 December 2025, 18:45 (UTC), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_carnivorans. [^2]: ‘Dog’, Wikipedia, last edited 28 December 2025, 10:18 (UTC), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog. [^3]: Natia Kopaliani et al., ‘[[Kopaliani et al., ‘Gene flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)’, 2014|Gene Flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)]]’, *Journal of Heredity*, vol. 105, no. 3 (2024), p. 345, https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjhered%2Fesu0144. [^4]: Natia Kopaliani et al., ‘[[Kopaliani et al., ‘Gene flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)’, 2014|Gene Flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)]]’, *Journal of Heredity*, vol. 105, no. 3 (2024), p. 351, https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjhered%2Fesu0144; Laura Iacolina et al., ‘[[Iacolina et al., ‘Y-Chromosome Microsatellite Variation in Italian Wolves’, 2010|Y-Chromosome Microsatellite Variation in Italian Wolves: A Contribution to the Study of Wolf-Dog Hybridization Patterns]]’, *Mammalian Biology*, vol. 75, no. 4 (2010), abstract, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2010.02.004. [^5]: ‘Coyote’, Wikipedia, last edited 11 January 2026, 07:31 (UTC), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coyote. [^6]: coyoteprince \[pseud]., ‘NOTHING HAS SHAKEN ME MORE THAN THIS NEW PASSING THOUGHT’, *mostly a ghost* (Tumblr blog), 24 March 2025, 12:47 PM, https://www.tumblr.com/coyoteprince/778862181924159488/its-national-coyote-day-i-look-to-them-as-my. Licenced: ==COPYRIGHTED. DO NOT UPLOAD.== [^7]: Natia Kopaliani et al., ‘[[Kopaliani et al., ‘Gene flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)’, 2014|Gene Flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)]]’, *Journal of Heredity*, vol. 105, no. 3 (2024), p. 345, https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjhered%2Fesu0144. [^8]: Natia Kopaliani et al., ‘[[Kopaliani et al., ‘Gene flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)’, 2014|Gene Flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)]]’, *Journal of Heredity*, vol. 105, no. 3 (2024), p. 345, https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjhered%2Fesu0144. [^9]: Natia Kopaliani et al., ‘[[Kopaliani et al., ‘Gene flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)’, 2014|Gene Flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)]]’, *Journal of Heredity* 105, no. 3 (May 2014), p. 351, https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjhered%2Fesu0144; Laura Iacolina et al., ‘[[Iacolina et al., ‘Y-Chromosome Microsatellite Variation in Italian Wolves’, 2010|Y-Chromosome Microsatellite Variation in Italian Wolves: A Contribution to the Study of Wolf-Dog Hybridization Patterns]]’, *Mammalian Biology*, vol. 75, no. 4 (2010), abstract, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2010.02.004. [^10]: Laura Iacolina et al., ‘[[Iacolina et al., ‘Y-Chromosome Microsatellite Variation in Italian Wolves’, 2010|Y-Chromosome Microsatellite Variation in Italian Wolves: A Contribution to the Study of Wolf-Dog Hybridization Patterns]]’, *Mammalian Biology*, vol. 75, no. 4 (2010), abstract, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2010.02.004. [^11]: Andre E. Moura et al., ‘[[Moura et al., ‘Unregulated Hunting and Genetic Recovery from a Severe Population Decline’, 2014|Unregulated Hunting and Genetic Recovery from a Severe Population Decline: The Cautionary Tale Case of Bulgarian Wolves]]’,*Conservation Genetics*, vol. 15, no. 2 (2014), p. 13, [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-013-0547-y](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-013-0547-y)’ [^12]: Andre E. Moura et al., ‘[[Moura et al., ‘Unregulated Hunting and Genetic Recovery from a Severe Population Decline’, 2014|Unregulated Hunting and Genetic Recovery from a Severe Population Decline: The Cautionary Tale Case of Bulgarian Wolves]]’, *Conservation Genetics*, vol. 15 (November 2013), p. 1, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-013-0547-y. [^13]: Betty Coon Wainwright, ‘[[Coon Wheelwright, ‘A Storytelling of Ravens’, 2013|A Storytelling of Ravens]]’, *Jung Journal: Culture & Psyche*, vol. 7, no. 1 (2013), p. 9, 10, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/26596516](https://www.jstor.org/stable/26596516). [^14]: ‘Hyena’, *Wikipedia*, updated 19 March 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyena. [^15]: Tristram D. Wyatt, ‘[[Wyatt, ‘Pheromones’, 2017|Pheromones]]’, *Current Biology*, vol. 27, issue 15 (7 August 2017), p. R742. [^16]: ‘Sables’, *Encyclopaedia Britannica* (online edition), last edited 3 May 2024, https://www.britannica.com/animal/sable. [^17]: ‘Sables’, *Encyclopaedia Britannica* (online edition), last edited 3 May 2024, https://www.britannica.com/animal/sable. [^18]: \[deleted account], ‘hi there. I’m neither a mouse nor a bear. I’m a sable!’, r/aww (Reddit), 2022, https://www.reddit.com/r/aww/comments/rink3d/hi_there_im_neither_a_mouse_nor_a_bear_im_a_sable/. [^19]: ‘Sables’, *Encyclopaedia Britannica* (online edition), last edited 3 May 2024, https://www.britannica.com/animal/sable. [^20]: ‘Sables’, *Encyclopaedia Britannica* (online edition), last edited 3 May 2024, https://www.britannica.com/animal/sable. [^21]: ‘Sable’, Wikipedia, last edited 18 April 2024, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sable. [^22]: ‘Sables’, *Encyclopaedia Britannica* (online edition), last edited 3 May 2024, https://www.britannica.com/animal/sable.