\[ **BT: [[education#education around the world]]** ] --- # education in China ## pre-school/infants education ![[Meihua Liu, Non-Human Seeking Re-Employment, 2019#^d8a699]] [^1] ### kindergarten games played in China - Throw the Handkerchief.[^2] ## primary education ### autumn outing ![[Jiang Weiji, How to Feed an Abyss!, 2023#^dd4c84]] [^3] ## secondary education ### political education office (*sizheng*) ![[Meihua Liu, Non-Human Seeking Re-Employment, 2019#^f8bbb9]] [^4] [[Sizheng, in the Chinese education system, is not a subject of its own, but integrated into other subjects. It is responsible for instilling Communist Party ideology and promoting patriotic values.]][^5] [[Use of the shorthand 'sizheng' (思政), for 'sixiang zhengzhi jiaoyu' (思想政治教育), was not common until the late 2000s.]][^6] ## tertiary education ### term times for Chinese universities | | | | | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ---- | | Spring semester | 1st March – 15th July | | | Autumn semester | 1st September – 31st January (the following year) | [^7] | [^7] #### summer holidays - Summer hols for Chinese students generally start at the beginning of July and end at the end of August.[^2] - Typical summer holiday activities include traveling (locally and abroad), summer camps (academic and/or social/recreational), tutoring, internships, taking extra classes, volunteering, and returning to the family home.[^8] ### specific universities #### universities in Beijing - [[Beijing Film Academy]] - [[Central Academy of Drama (China)|Central Academy of Drama]] - [[College of Military Culture at the PLA National Defence University|People’s Liberation Army Academy of Art]] - [[Tsinghua University]] #### universities in Hangzhou - [[Communication University of Zhejiang]] #### universities in Inner Mongolia - [[Inner Mongolia Normal University]] #### universities in Shanghai - [[Shanghai Theatre Academy]] ### brief history of university in China [[China’s tradition of tertiary education begins with the establishment of a private learning academy by Confucius in the 4th century BCE.]][^9] [[In modern times, China’s education system has ‘absorbed a wide range of foreign influences’—Japanese (early 20th century), European and American (1920s–1940s), Soviet (1950s), and the West in general (since the 1980s).]][^10] [[Chen Hongjie 陈洪捷 (2002) posits that ‘German ideals are engraved inevitably on the early formation of higher education and academic profession in China, through the reform initiatives at Peking University’.]][^11] [[Since 1990, government reform programs have expanded the tertiary education system in a rapid and ambitious manner. In 1998, there were 3.4 million university students in China; in 2017, there were 38 million.]][^12] [^1]: Meihua Liu \[梅花六], *[[Meihua Liu, Non-Human Seeking Re-Employment, 2019|Non-Human Seeking Re-Employment]]*, trans. Chipoholic (Chrysanthemum Garden, 2019), chapter 69, https://chrysanthemumgarden.com/novel-tl/nhsre/nhsre-69/. [^2]: Meihua Liu \[梅花六], *[[Meihua Liu, Non-Human Seeking Re-Employment, 2019|Non-Human Seeking Re-Employment]]*, trans. Chipoholic (Chrysanthemum Garden, 2019), chapter 71, https://chrysanthemumgarden.com/novel-tl/nhsre/nhsre-71/. [^3]: 江为竭 \[Jiang Weiji], *[[Jiang Weiji, How to Feed an Abyss!, 2023|How to Feed an Abyss!]]*, trans. Moonlight Novels (Moonlight Novels, 2023), chap. 113, https://www.novelupdates.com/extnu/7147367/. [^4]: Meihua Liu \[梅花六], *[[Meihua Liu, Non-Human Seeking Re-Employment, 2019|Non-Human Seeking Re-Employment]]*, trans. Chipoholic (Chrysanthemum Garden, 2019), chapter 13, https://chrysanthemumgarden.com/novel-tl/nhsre/nhsre-13/. [^5]: Stella Chen, ‘[[Chen, ‘Ideological and Political Education’, 2021|Ideological and Political Education]]’, *China Media Project*, 17 December 2021, https://chinamediaproject.org/the_ccp_dictionary/ideological-and-political-education/. [^6]: Stella Chen, ‘[[Chen, ‘Ideological and Political Education’, 2021|Ideological and Political Education]]’, *China Media Project*, 17 December 2021, https://chinamediaproject.org/the_ccp_dictionary/ideological-and-political-education/. [^7]: China Scholarship Council, quoted in ‘When Do the Semesters of Chinese Universities Begin?’, China.org.cn, accessed 1 April 2025, http://www.china.org.cn/english/LivinginChina/185371.htm. [^8]: ‘Summer Holiday Life of Chinese Students’, 28 July 2023, Foshan Ever Rising, accessed 14 December 2024, https://www.foshaneverrising.com/news/summer-holiday-life-of-chinese-students. [^9]: Qiang Zha and Chuanyi Wang, ‘[[Zha and Wang, ‘Tertiary Education in Contemporary China’, 2019|Tertiary Education in Contemporary China]]’, Oxford Bibliographies, last modified 15 January 2019, [https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199920082/obo-9780199920082-0165.xml](https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199920082/obo-9780199920082-0165.xml). [^10]: Qiang Zha and Chuanyi Wang, ‘[[Zha and Wang, ‘Tertiary Education in Contemporary China’, 2019|Tertiary Education in Contemporary China]]’, Oxford Bibliographies, last modified 15 January 2019, [https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199920082/obo-9780199920082-0165.xml](https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199920082/obo-9780199920082-0165.xml). [^11]: Qiang Zha and Chuanyi Wang, ‘[[Zha and Wang, ‘Tertiary Education in Contemporary China’, 2019|Tertiary Education in Contemporary China]]’, Oxford Bibliographies, last modified 15 January 2019, [https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199920082/obo-9780199920082-0165.xml](https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199920082/obo-9780199920082-0165.xml). [^12]: Qiang Zha and Chuanyi Wang, ‘[[Zha and Wang, ‘Tertiary Education in Contemporary China’, 2019|Tertiary Education in Contemporary China]]’, Oxford Bibliographies, last modified 15 January 2019, [https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199920082/obo-9780199920082-0165.xml](https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199920082/obo-9780199920082-0165.xml).