\[ **BT: [[life#skin derivatives and appendages skin glands and pigment; epidermal scales; claws, nails, and hoofs; horns and antlers; feathers and hair; dermal derivatives|skin derivatives and appendages]]** ] --- # horns and antlers [[Antlers are bony appendages; they periodically regrow from the top of permanent outgrowths on the frontal bones.]][^1] [[Antlers grow extensionally from the tip (like a plant stem).]][^2] [^1]: Tomás Landete-Castillejos et al., ‘[[Landete-Castillejos et al, ‘Antlers’, 2019|Antlers: Evolution, Development, Structure, Composition, and Biomechanics of an Outstanding Type of Bone]]’, *Bone*, vol. 128 (November 2019), p. 1, <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2019.115046>. [^2]: Yuusuke Samejima and Matsuoka Hiroshige, ‘[[Samejima and Matsuoka, ‘A New Viewpoint on Antlers’, 2020|A New Viewpoint on Antlers Reveals the Evolutionary History of Deer (Cervidae, Mammalia)]]’, *Scientific Reports*, vol. 10, article 8910 (June 2020), p. 2, <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64555-7>.