\[ **BT: [[mammals]]** ] --- # Primates (Order) ## primates ### pheromones [[Among primates, pheromones are of variable importance when it comes to social communication.]][^1] --- ## primate classification | PRIMATE suborders | superfamily (or parvorder, infraorder, etc.) | family | subfamily | genus | species | | ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | -------------------------- | ----------------------- | ---------------------------------- | | [[#Haplorrhini (Suborder)]] | Cercopithecoidea <br>*Old World monkeys* | Cercopithecidae<br><br> | Cercopithecinae | | | | | | | Colobinae | | | | | | | | | | | | [[#Hominoidea (Superfamily)]] | [[#Hominidae (Family)]] <br> | [[#Homininae (Subfamily)]] | *gorilla* | | | | | | | *homo* | | | | | | | *[[#Pan (Genus)\|pan]]* | *[[bonobos 1\|Pan paniscus]]* | | | | | | | *[[chimpanzees\|Pan troglodytes]]* | | | | | Ponginae | *pongo* | | | | | | | | | | | Hylobatidae | | | | | | | | | | | | | | [[#Platyrrhines (Parvorder)]]<br>*New World monkeys* | Aotidae<br> | | | | | | | Atelidae | Alouattinae | | | | | | | Atelinae | | | | | | [[#Callitrichidae (Family)]] | | | | | | | Cebidae | Cebinae | | | | | | | Saimiriinae | | | | | | Pitheciidae | Callicebinae | | | | | | | Pitheciinae | | | | | | | | | | | | Tarsiiformes | Tarsiidae | | | | | | | | | | | | [[#Strepsirrhini (Suborder)]] | Lemuroidea | Cheirogaleidae | | | | | | | Daubentoniidae | | | | | | | Indriidae | | | | | | | Lemuridae | | | | | | | Lepilemuridae | | | | | | | | | | | | | Lorisoidea | Galagidae | | | | | | | Lorisidae | Lorisinae | | | | | | | Perodicticinae | | | [^2] --- ## Haplorrhini (Suborder) ### Hominoidea (Superfamily) Members of the Hominoidea superfamily are **apes**. #### Hominidae (Family) Members of the Hominidae family are **hominids** or, colloquially, **great apes**. > ‘**Hominid** – the group consisting of all modern and extinct Great Apes (that is, modern humans, chimpanzees, gorillas and orang-utans plus all their immediate ancestors).’[^3] > ‘The original meaning of “hominid” referred only to humans (*Homo*) and their closest extinct relatives. However, by the 1990s humans and other apes were considered to be “hominids”.’[^4] ##### Homininae (Subfamily) > ‘**Hominin** – the group consisting of modern humans, extinct human species and all our immediate ancestors (including members of the genera *Homo*, *Australopithecus*, *Paranthropus* and *Ardipithecus*).’[^5] ###### *Gorilla* (Genus) - ==*[[gorillas|Troglodytes gorilla]]*== (gorillas) ###### *Homo* (Genus) - see: [[human beings]] ###### *Pan* (Genus) - **NT:** - *[[bonobos 1|Pan paniscus]]* - *[[chimpanzees|Pan troglodytes]]* ### Platyrrhines (Parvorder) ==New World monkeys.== #### Callitrichidae (Family) Callitrichids are a family of [[#Platyrrhines (Parvorder)|New World monkeys]]. They include marmosets, tamarins, and lion tamarins.[^6] ###### Callitrichid chemical communication [[Callitrichids make extensive use of chemical communication; both urine and cutaneous secretions play an important role.]][^7] [^1]: Charles J. Wysocki, ‘[[Wysocki and Preti, ‘Facts, fallacies, fears, and frustrations with human pheromones’, 2004|Facts, Fallacies, Fears, and Frustrations with Human Pheromones]]’, *The Anatomical Record*, vol. 281A, no. 1 (2004), p. 1201, https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.a.20125. [^2]: ‘List of primates’, Wikipedia, last edited 18 December 2025, 11:42 (UTC), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_primates. [^3]: Beth Blaxland, ‘Hominid and Hominin: What’s the Difference?’, *Australian Museum*, updated 2 October 2020, https://australian.museum/learn/science/human-evolution/hominid-and-hominin-whats-the-difference/. [^4]: ‘Hominidae’, Wikipedia, last edited 19 March 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hominidae. [^5]: Beth Blaxland, ‘Hominid and Hominin: What’s the Difference?’, *Australian Museum*, updated 2 October 2020, https://australian.museum/learn/science/human-evolution/hominid-and-hominin-whats-the-difference/. [^6]: Alan F. Dixson, *[[Dixon, Primate Sexuality, 1998|Primate Sexuality: Comparative Studies of the Prosimians, Monkeys, Apes, and Human Beings]]* (Oxford University Press), p. 95. [^7]: Alan F. Dixson, *[[Dixon, Primate Sexuality, 1998|Primate Sexuality: Comparative Studies of the Prosimians, Monkeys, Apes, and Human Beings]]* (Oxford University Press), p. 95.